Here is what it looks like if you try to keep using the drive:
[843251.690450] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 586072368 512-byte hardware sectors (300069 MB)
[843251.690609] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[843251.690611] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[843251.691055] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[843262.667482] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0
[843262.667488] ata1.00: irq_stat 0x40000001
[843262.667494] ata1.00: cmd c8/00:08:00:00:64/00:00:00:00:00/ef tag 0 dma 4096 in
[843262.667495] res 51/40:08:00:00:64/00:00:00:64:00/ef Emask 0x9 (media error)
[843262.667500] ata1.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
[843262.667503] ata1.00: error: { UNC }
[843262.688510] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[843262.688519] ata1: EH complete
[843262.695693] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 586072368 512-byte hardware sectors (300069 MB)
[843262.696166] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[843262.696169] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[843262.696767] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[843289.797086] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0
[843289.797093] ata1.00: irq_stat 0x40000001
[843289.797099] ata1.00: cmd ca/00:08:b0:15:63/00:00:00:00:00/ef tag 0 dma 4096 out
[843289.797101] res 51/10:08:b0:15:63/00:00:00:63:00/ef Emask 0x81 (invalid argument)
[843289.797106] ata1.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
[843289.797109] ata1.00: error: { IDNF }
[843289.816289] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[843289.816299] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[843289.816304] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Aborted Command [current] [descriptor]
[843289.816309] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex):
[843289.816312] 72 0b 14 00 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00
[843289.816340] 0f 63 15 b0
[843289.816350] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Recorded entity not found
[843289.816358] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 258151856
[843289.816363] Buffer I/O error on device sda, logical block 32268982
[843289.816366] lost page write due to I/O error on sda
[843289.816378] ata1: EH complete
[843289.816566] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 586072368 512-byte hardware sectors (300069 MB)
[843289.816735] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[843289.816740] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[843289.817090] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[843326.116002] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0
[843326.116008] ata1.00: irq_stat 0x40000001
[843326.116015] ata1.00: cmd 35/00:f0:48:93:70/00:01:11:00:00/e0 tag 0 dma 253952 out
[843326.116016] res 51/10:f0:48:93:70/00:01:11:00:00/e0 Emask 0x81 (invalid argument)
[843326.116021] ata1.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
[843326.116024] ata1.00: error: { IDNF }
[843326.136418] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[843326.136435] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK
[843326.136439] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Aborted Command [current] [descriptor]
[843326.136444] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex):
[843326.136447] 72 0b 14 00 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00
[843326.136457] 11 70 93 48
[843326.136461] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Recorded entity not found
[843326.136466] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 292590408
[843326.136509] ata1: EH complete
[843326.136687] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 586072368 512-byte hardware sectors (300069 MB)
[843326.136856] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[843326.136860] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[843326.137203] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[843326.149337] Aborting journal on device sda.
[843326.149356] ext3_abort called.
[843326.149358] EXT3-fs error (device sda): ext3_journal_start_sb: Detected aborted journal
[843326.149360] Remounting filesystem read-only
And the most interesting thing of all?
No bad sectors according to smart, which is clearly wrong.
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 199 199 051 Pre-fail Always - 5629
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 198 198 021 Pre-fail Always - 3083
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 22
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 916
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0012 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0012 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 22
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 13
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 22
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 120 115 000 Old_age Always - 27
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 915 -
# 2 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 900 -
# 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 899 -
# 4 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 893 -
# 5 Short offline Completed without error 00% 892 -
# 6 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 90% 889 -
# 7 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 871 -
# 8 Short offline Completed without error 00% 870 -
# 9 Extended offline Interrupted (host reset) 30% 866 -
#10 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 858 -
#11 Short offline Completed without error 00% 857 -
#12 Short offline Completed without error 00% 842 -
#13 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 823 -
#14 Short offline Completed without error 00% 822 -
#15 Short offline Completed without error 00% 822 -
#16 Short offline Completed without error 00% 818 -
#17 Short offline Completed without error 00% 794 -
#18 Short offline Completed without error 00% 771 -
#19 Short offline Completed without error 00% 747 -
#20 Short offline Completed without error 00% 723 -
#21 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 701 -
Bad sectors:
[841267.274757] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 112543520
[841278.219322] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 539496464
[841290.327943] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 115180888
[841317.473642] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 116934480
[841343.329247] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 541069328
[841383.309632] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 121927680
[841394.428172] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 119869488
[841417.895584] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 123480240
[841451.875687] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 123850312
[841520.063722] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 130176280
[841543.122986] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 132245520
[841603.324793] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 136860808
[841674.873006] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 140783224
[841685.421472] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 138674176
[841707.431138] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 547360784
[841734.654434] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 143324440
[841796.002163] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 146543032
[841807.870695] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 150736968
[841843.411151] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 151716656
[841872.122914] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 153396096
[841924.013988] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 155310608
[841984.347570] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 159002216
[842039.238961] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 164892744
[842122.793866] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 167878344
[842142.793103] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 168296448
[842153.791869] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 136
[842200.960651] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 171962104
[842245.417221] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 174691496
[842259.974116] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 174585760
[842274.639224] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 177053392
[842286.759675] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 177458672
[842301.022746] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 176623352
[842359.364140] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 181149656
[842448.535608] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 190926336
[842521.499963] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 195301448
[842538.816849] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 196720728
[842554.579943] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 198450448
[842590.576004] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 198221184
[842606.621194] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 198429680
[842640.517090] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 204072304
[842662.076440] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 136
[842673.549161] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 207031696
[842694.826365] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 565973008
[842731.578605] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 211822168
[842756.834250] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 213221352
[842872.917110] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 222983952
[842964.248373] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 231349720
[843007.001137] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 235314848
[843018.653874] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 232941816
[843289.816358] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 258151856
[843326.136466] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 292590408